Explaining the New World Order Part II | Who Owns The Federal Reserve?
PART II - Who owns the U.S. Federal Reserve?
Ever since the central banks gained control over international monetary policy, along with inflation, deflation, and interest rate controls,
power has rapidly consolidated into the hands of those who control these very institutions. Often the Rothschilds, Rockefellers and Morgans among
others are cited as being the primary influences in operational policy at the various worldwide central banks. Since 1968, after the "Nixon Shock" paper fiat currency has been the way of the world. The central banks of the world have operated without checks or balances. Free to inflate, deflate, pump up, air out, and manipulate financial and economic forces to whatever direction they desire. These manipulations are often heavily calculated and are executed with particular goals in mind, without any concern as to how the changes will effect those who live under the umbrella of the central banks. Rather, policy is drafted on the basis of how it will further the agenda of those who control these institutions.
Without going into exhaustive detail, I will explain the basics of who is behind the Federal Reserve System, and how they use policy to forward their agendas.
The Federal Reserve Banks, are all private institutions, and therefore they are not subject to public scrutiny or public influence.
There are no bank representatives, or financial directors that answer directly to the people of the United States, or even the
congress for that matter. The Federal Reserve is made up of 12 regional banks, with the New York Fed being the headquarters of the system.
Ownership and controlling interest belongs to a handful of also privately owned member banks. Here is what the official Federal Reseve website has to
say about bank ownership:
From the FederalReseve.gov Website:
The Federal Reserve System fulfills its public mission as an independent entity within the
government. It is not "owned" by anyone and is not a private, profit-making institution.
As the nation's central bank, the Federal Reserve derives its authority from the Congress of the United States. It is considered an independent central bank because its monetary policy decisions do not have to be approved by the President or anyone else in the executive or legislative branches of government, it does not receive funding appropriated by the Congress, and the terms of the members of the Board of Governors span multiple presidential and congressional terms.
However, the Federal Reserve is subject to oversight by the Congress, which often reviews the Federal Reserve's activities and can alter its responsibilities by statute. Therefore, the Federal Reserve can be more accurately described as "independent within the government" rather than "independent of government."
The 12 regional Federal Reserve Banks, which were established by the Congress as the operating arms of the nation's central banking system, are organized similarly to private corporations--possibly leading to some confusion about "ownership." For example, the Reserve Banks issue shares of stock to member banks. However, owning Reserve Bank stock is quite different from owning stock in a private company. The Reserve Banks are not operated for profit, and ownership of a certain amount of stock is, by law, a condition of membership in the System. The stock may not be sold, traded, or pledged as security for a loan; dividends are, by law, 6 percent per year.
The Federal Reserve's website claims that the bank is not for profit, yet further analysis of the Fed's operating procedures essentially falsify this claim. The Federal Reserve pays a 6% dividend annually on revenues to member banks, who then multiply these revenues by 10 times over in the form of interest on loans from the freshly acquired capital. This is possible of course due
to the fact that current reserve requirements are set at 10%, so in short, a bank can loan out $100,000 so long as it has reserves totaling at least $10,000.
It's the scary truth of fractional reserve banking. Money is created out of "thin air" as many economists have rightfully stated. What makes this system
even more insane, is the fact the fact that much of the cash sitting in various business and personal bank accounts, could very well be "loan" money.
If you are good at math, and want to have some fun, you could go crazy thinking about how much "air money" is created on a single loan of say $10,000.
The truth is there is no maximum amount it could create, the money from the loan could be rolled over hundreds and hundreds of times, creating possibly
millions of dollars in "digital currency". Every member bank of the Federal Reserve operates exactly the same way, it operates on this incredible fraction
reserve banking scheme. So although a bank is required to keep a minimum of 10% in reserves, there is no requirement on keeping tabs on where the money in
their reserves originated, or if there are any liabilities or claims against such funds. Yet this is the system we now all reside in, a credit bubble
unlike anything the world has ever seen. The latitude at which member banks are given to operate is remarkable and terrifying. One thing is however
undeniable, it pays to be in banking.
This system as it currently exits, exists for one purpose and one purpose only, to create maximum profit for member banks, which indirectly enrich and empower the Federal Reserve. Remember however, that it is the private banks after-all who actually control the Federal Reserve, so monetary policy crafted by the Fed will inevitably be based on maximizing profits for private banks. 94% of profits produced by the Fed itself, supposedly end up in the U.S. Treasury, but who can really be sure when the Fed has never been subjected to a congressional audit.
Profits and controlling interest in the Fed depends of course on how large a stake a bank has in the Federal Reserve System. Each member bank, is issued stock, or shares of The Federal Reserve. Larger banks such as J.P. Morgan, Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, Bank of America, Wells Fargo, Citi Bank, and others, more than likely have the lions share of power and influence within the Federal Reserve System. While smaller banks on the other hand are simply at the will of the larger institutions in as far as it relates to the construction and execution of monetary policy. The unfortunate truth however is that further detailed information beyond simply knowing who has controlling interest in the Federal Reserve System is not public knowledge. There is no "master list" that details what interest each bank has, or who has majority stake in the various reserve banks. If you don't believe this, try searching for such a list on Google, and you will come up with an emphatic nothing. The Fed's website is completely silent on this issue, and therefore anything beyond the obvious is simply anyone's guess.
What we do know, is that those who control the major banks, are in fact controlling the Federal Reserve. Some of the Banks often listed as having majority ownership in the New York Fed (The New York Fed is the HQ for all 12 regional reserve banks) on various websites and research articles include the following:
- Rothschild Bank of Berlin
- Lazard Brothers of Paris
- Israel Moses Seif Banks of Italy
- Warburg Bank of Amsterdam
- Warburg Bank of Hamburg
- Lehman Brothers of New York
- Kuhn Loeb Bank of New York
- Goldman, Sachs of New York
- Chase Manhattan Bank of New York
There are approximately 3,000 member banks of the Federal Reserve system as of 2016, but as I noted earlier, there is no public knowledge as to what banks hold what stake or control within the Federal Reserve System. There is also no way of knowing if foreign influences are involved in the steering of monetary policy within the United States. Many believe the Rothschild family to be at the head of the spear in terms of power and influence. And without any kind of public oversight, there is essentially no way of truly knowing what interest however insignificant or great it may be without opening up this deeply secret institution to a thorough investigation.
Although public knowledge does not exist as to what institutions have what stake in the Federal Reserve, it can be reasonably concluded that the biggest banks in the United States and possibly England are indeed the dominant forces behind the Federal Reserve as well as many other central banks across the world.
The obvious solution to this corrupt, secret, and for-profit institution is to dismantle the Fed entirely. There is no role, no place, no reason whatsoever why a central bank controlled by private and profit hungry institutions is necessary in order to preserve a robust economic climate. The Federal Reserve should be nationalized and held accountable to U.S. citizens for their actions. A board of trustees can be nominated much in the same way that our U.S. Supreme Court operates. Our Federal debt would be cut in half, and annual operating budgets would be drastically reduced. There is absolutely no economically viable reasoning for a national government to be preserving, protecting, and authorizing a private institution to produce its own sovereign currency in order to remain independent and politically neutral. This feat can easily be accomplished by setting up appropriate checks and balances, and nominating and appointing trustees who are elected by the people of the United States. Allowing a corrupt privatized and elite banking cartel to make decisions on behalf of the people of the United States is an outrage. Remember, that wars, diseases, tsunamis, terrorist attacks, and any other world event that forces the U.S. Government to step in financially is a Win-Win for those with controlling interest in the Federal Reserve. If that doesn't make you think twice about this dark institution than you need to have your head examined.
By: Wes Hopkins
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